{"id":129,"date":"2026-01-04T17:54:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T09:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/?p=129"},"modified":"2026-06-03T18:07:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T10:07:42","slug":"jwt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/2026\/01\/04\/jwt\/","title":{"rendered":"JWT"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">JWT\u5168\u79f0<code>Json Web Token<\/code>\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b<strong>\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7684<\/strong>\u4ee4\u724c\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cjwt\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u683c\u5f0f\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u5b58\u50a8\u5230cookie\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5230localstorage\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9650\u5236\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4f20\u8f93jwt\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u5b83<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u54cd\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2ajwt\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HTTP\/1.1 200 OK\n...\nset-cookie:token=jwt\u4ee4\u724c\nauthentication:jwt\u4ee4\u724c\n...\n\n{..., token:jwt\u4ee4\u724c}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62ff\u5230\u4ee4\u724c\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u505a\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u624b\u673a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001PC\u6587\u4ef6\u3001localstorage\u3001cookie<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u867d\u7136jwt\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u9644\u5e26\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>GET \/api\/resources HTTP\/1.1\n...\nauthorization: bearer jwt\u4ee4\u724c\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u7ec4\u6210<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0cjwt\u4ee4\u724c\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>header\uff1a\u4ee4\u724c\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>payload\uff1a\u4ee4\u724c\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>signature\uff1a\u4ee4\u724c\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5934\u90e8\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u8be5\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee4\u724c\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f2a\u9020\u548c\u7be1\u6539<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<code>header.payload.signature<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684jwt\u4ee4\u724c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9.BCwUy3jnUQ_E6TqCayc7rCHkx-vxxdagUwPOWqwYCFc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>header\uff1aeyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>payload\uff1aeyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>signature: BCwUy3jnUQ_E6TqCayc7rCHkx-vxxdagUwPOWqwYCFc<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">header<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u662f\u4ee4\u724c\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<code>json<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{\n  \"alg\":\"HS256\",\n  \"typ\":\"JWT\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>alg\uff1asignature\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HS256\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d8\u94a5\u5bf9signature\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS256\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u79c1\u94a5\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u516c\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>typ\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5199<code>JWT<\/code>\u5373\u53ef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86<code>header<\/code>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210<code>header<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a<code>header<\/code>\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528<code>base64 url<\/code>\u7f16\u7801\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>base64 url`\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5728`base64`\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5bf9`+`\u3001`=`\u3001`\/`\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u505a\u51fa\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\n\n\u800c`base64`\u662f\u4f7f\u752864\u4e2a\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>btoa<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>window.btoa(JSON.stringify({\n  \"alg\":\"HS256\",\n  \"typ\":\"JWT\"\n}))\n\/\/ \u5f97\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1aeyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>atob<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>window.atob(\"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9\")\n\/\/ \u5f97\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a{\"alg\":\"HS256\",\"typ\":\"JWT\"}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">payload<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662fjwt\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJSON\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{\n  \"ss\"\uff1a\"\u53d1\u884c\u8005\",\n  \"iat\"\uff1a\"\u53d1\u5e03\u65f6\u95f4\",\n  \"exp\"\uff1a\"\u5230\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\",\n  \"sub\"\uff1a\"\u4e3b\u9898\",\n  \"aud\"\uff1a\"\u542c\u4f17\",\n  \"nbf\"\uff1a\"\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\",\n  \"jti\"\uff1a\"JWT ID\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u5199\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u5199\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2ajwt\u4ee4\u724c\u65f6\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ss\uff1a\u53d1\u884c\u8be5jwt\u7684\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u516c\u53f8\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iat\uff1a\u8be5jwt\u7684\u53d1\u653e\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5199\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>exp\uff1a\u8be5jwt\u7684\u5230\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5199\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sub\uff1a\u8be5jwt\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5e72\u561b\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>aud\uff1a\u8be5jwt\u662f\u53d1\u653e\u7ed9\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ec8\u7aef\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u968f\u610f\u4e00\u70b9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nbf\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u5230\u8fbe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jti\uff1ajwt\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u9879\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\uff08\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u671f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u767b\u9646\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u628a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u5230jwt\u4ee4\u724c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u6237id\u3001\u8d26\u53f7\u7b49\u7b49\uff08\u5bc6\u7801\u5c31\u7b97\u4e86\ud83d\ude33\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0cpayload\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2ajson\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u60f3\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684json\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684payload<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{\n  \"username\":\"zhangshan\",\n  \"iat\":1587548215\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">signature<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662fjwt\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6574\u4e2ajwt\u4e0d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u524d\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5934\u90e8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5934\u90e8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f<code>HS256<\/code>\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u679c\u662f<code>eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5219\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5<code>HS256<\/code>\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<code>eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u5f97\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d8\u94a5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>shhhhh<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HS256(`eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9`, \"shhhhh\")\n\/\/ \u5f97\u5230\uff1aBCwUy3jnUQ_E6TqCayc7rCHkx-vxxdagUwPOWqwYCFc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5c06\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684jwt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmb28iOiJiYXIiLCJpYXQiOjE1ODc1NDgyMTV9.BCwUy3jnUQ_E6TqCayc7rCHkx-vxxdagUwPOWqwYCFc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p 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