{"id":685,"date":"2026-03-16T21:06:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T13:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/?p=685"},"modified":"2026-07-14T21:29:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T13:29:35","slug":"python%e7%b1%bb%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/2026\/03\/16\/python%e7%b1%bb%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u5dee\u5f02"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Dog:<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;species = \"Canis familiaris\" &nbsp;# \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027<br>\u200b<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;def __init__(self, name):<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;self.name = name<br>\u200b<br>dog1 = Dog(\"Buddy\")<br>dog2 = Dog(\"Max\")<br>\u200b<br>print(dog1.species) &nbsp;# Canis familiaris<br>print(dog2.species) &nbsp;# Canis familiaris<br>\u200b<br># \u4fee\u6539\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\uff09<br>Dog.species = \"Canis lupus\"<br>print(dog1.species) &nbsp;# Canis lupus<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u901a\u8fc7 <code>self<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u901a\u8fc7 <code>\u7c7b\u540d<\/code> \u6216 <code>self<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Person:\n    country = \"\u4e2d\u56fd\"  # \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u7c7b\u7a7a\u95f4 Person.__dict__\uff09\n    def __init__(self, name):\n        self.name = name  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7a7a\u95f4 p.__dict__\uff09\n\np = Person(\"\u5f20\u4e09\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u6709<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python \u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61 <code>.<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>\u5bf9\u8c61.\u5c5e\u6027\u540d<\/code> \u67e5\u627e\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u5c31\u8fd1\u539f\u5219\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5148\u53bb<strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b57\u5178 <code>obj.__dict__<\/code><\/strong> \u627e\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 \u2192 \u53bb<strong>\u6240\u5c5e\u7c7b <code>cls.__dict__<\/code><\/strong> \u627e\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd8\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 \u2192 \u987a\u7740\u7ee7\u627f MRO \u5f80\u4e0a\u7236\u7c7b\u4f9d\u6b21\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u4ee5 <code>p.country<\/code>\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6ca1\u6709 <code>country<\/code>\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb <code>Person<\/code> \u91cc\u53d6\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5408\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5bf9\u6bd4 Java\/C++ \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Person {\n    static String country = \"\u4e2d\u56fd\"; \/\/ \u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf=Python\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\n}\npublic class Test {\n    public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n        Person p = new Person();\n        \/\/ \u8bed\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u7f16\u8bd1\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u5f3a\u5236\u7981\u6b62\uff0cIDE\u4f1a\u8b66\u544a\n        System.out.println(p.country); \n        \/\/ \u6807\u51c6\u5199\u6cd5\uff1aPerson.country\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\u5c42\u9762<\/strong>\uff1aJava \u5176\u5b9e\u80fd\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3<\/strong>\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ea\u662f\u9644\u5c5e\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u7c7b\u540d\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6df7\u6dc6\u5b9e\u4f8b \/ \u9759\u6001\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5e95\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f <code>p.country<\/code> \u4f1a\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u6210 <code>Person.country<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C++<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u9759\u6001\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u4e1a\u754c\u7edf\u4e00\u53ea\u7528 <code>\u7c7b\u540d::\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u533a\u5206\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python \u72ec\u7279\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u8bfb\u53d6\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027 \u53ef\u8bfb\uff08\u5171\u4eab\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>print(p.country)   # \u8bfb\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u53bb\u7c7b\u62ff\nprint(Person.country)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8d4b\u503c\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027 \u4f1a<strong>\u65b0\u589e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff08\u5927\u5751\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>p.country = \"\u7f8e\u56fd\"  \n# \u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539 Person.country\uff01\u800c\u662f\u7ed9\u5b9e\u4f8bp\u65b0\u589e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027country\n\nprint(p.country)      # \u7f8e\u56fd\uff08\u5b9e\u4f8b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff09\nprint(Person.country) # \u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u6ca1\u53d8\uff09\n\np2 = Person(\"\u674e\u56db\")\nprint(p2.country)     # \u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7p\u5f71\u54cd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u771f\u6b63\u4fee\u6539\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u7c7b\u540d\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Person.country = \"\u534e\u590f\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python \u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5e95\u5c42 &amp; \u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u56e0<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7edf\u4e00 <code>.<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5316 API<\/strong> Python \u8ffd\u6c42\u8bed\u6cd5\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027 \/ \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u7528 <code>.<\/code> \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\uff08MRO \u7edf\u4e00\u673a\u5236\uff09<\/strong> Python \u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9 \u201c\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u201d \u5355\u72ec\u4e00\u5957\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8d70\u4e00\u5957\u5c5e\u6027\u68c0\u7d22\u94fe\u8def\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u2192\u7c7b\u2192\u7236\u7c7b\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bfb\u53d6\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f3a\u5236\u8bed\u6cd5\u9694\u79bb<\/strong> Java\/C++ \u662f\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u533a\u5206\u9759\u6001 \/ \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u89c4\u8303\uff1b Python \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u67e5\u627e\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\u505a\u8bed\u6cd5\u62e6\u622a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u653e\u5f00\u8bfb\u53d6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong> \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5199 <code>\u7c7b\u540d.xxx<\/code>\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5 <code>self.xxx<\/code> \u5c31\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Request:\n    timeout = 30  # \u5168\u5c40\u8d85\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\n    def send(self):\n        print(f\"\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d85\u65f6 {self.timeout}\") # \u76f4\u63a5self\u8bfb\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027 \u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a \u8bbf..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python","category-back"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":""},"author_info":{"info":["\u9648 \u67d0\u4eba"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/python\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Python<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u540e\u7aef<\/a>","tag_info":"\u540e\u7aef","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=685"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":686,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685\/revisions\/686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}