{"id":724,"date":"2026-07-19T12:34:50","date_gmt":"2026-07-19T04:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/?p=724"},"modified":"2026-07-19T12:34:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-19T04:34:50","slug":"io%e5%a4%9a%e8%b7%af%e5%a4%8d%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/2026\/07\/19\/io%e5%a4%9a%e8%b7%af%e5%a4%8d%e7%94%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"IO\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&nbsp;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981 IO \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9910\u5385\u7684\u53a8\u5e08\uff08CPU\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8d1f\u8d23\u505a 100 \u684c\u5ba2\u4eba\u7684\u83dc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u963b\u585e IO<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u7ed9\u7b2c 1 \u684c\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5355\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u7ad9\u5728\u4f20\u83dc\u53e3\u6b7b\u6b7b\u7b49\u8fd9\u684c\u83dc\u505a\u597d\u3002\u83dc\u6ca1\u505a\u597d\uff0c\u4f60\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e72\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53bb\u7ba1\u5176\u4ed6 99 \u684c\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u6781\u5176\u6d6a\u8d39\u4f60\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08CPU \u8d44\u6e90\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\/\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u96c7\u4e86 100 \u4e2a\u53a8\u5e08\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u76ef\u4e00\u684c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u7b49\u5f85\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46 100 \u4e2a\u53a8\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\uff09\u548c\u4e92\u76f8\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff08\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\uff09\u592a\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IO \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\uff08I\/O Multiplexing\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981<strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba<\/strong>\uff08\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u8c03\u5ea6\u53f0\u201d\u524d\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u6b7b\u6b7b\u76ef\u7740\u67d0\u4e00\u684c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u8c03\u5ea6\u53f0\u5e2e\u4f60\u76ef\u7740\u8fd9 100 \u684c\u3002\u54ea\u4e00\u684c\u7684\u83dc\u505a\u597d\u4e86\uff08IO \u5c31\u7eea\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u53f0\u5c31\u62cd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u7684\u80a9\u8180\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u53bb\u628a\u90a3\u684c\u83dc\u7aef\u8d70\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c31\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a IO \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u8f6e\u8be2\u201d\u5230\u201c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u201d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IO \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u662f<strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff08FD\uff0c\u5982 Socket\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b FD \u53ef\u8bfb\u6216\u53ef\u5199\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u901a\u77e5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8be0\u91ca\u4e86\u539f\u7406\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. select\uff1a\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u201c\u5168\u5458\u70b9\u540d\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684 FD \u62f7\u8d1d\u7ed9\u5185\u6838\u3002\u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\u6240\u6709 FD\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u7eea\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u75db\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u6781\u5dee<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709 FD \u62f7\u6765\u62f7\u53bb\uff0c\u4e14\u5185\u6838\u8981\u7ebf\u6027\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7 1024 \u4e2a FD\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. poll\uff1a\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u89e3\u51b3\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86 select \u7684\u4f4d\u56fe\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e86 1024 \u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u75db\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u7136\u662f<strong>\u7ebf\u6027\u626b\u63cf<\/strong>\uff0cFD \u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u68c0\u67e5\u8d8a\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. epoll\uff08Linux \u7ec8\u6781\u6740\u5668\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u70b9\u540d\u201d\u5230\u201c\u8ba2\u9605\u56de\u8c03\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">epoll \u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982 Nginx\u3001Redis\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6ce8\u518c\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<code>epoll_ctl<\/code>\u00a0\u628a\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684 FD \u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff08\u589e\u5220\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ec5\u4e3a\u00a0<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>log<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(log<em>N<\/em>)\u00a0\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u56de\u8c03<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a FD \u771f\u6b63\u5c31\u7eea\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5c31\u7eea\u94fe\u8868\uff08ready list\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7cbe\u51c6\u83b7\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code>epoll_wait<\/code>\u00a0\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u5c31\u7eea\u94fe\u8868\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u76d1\u63a7 100 \u4e2a\u8fd8\u662f 10 \u4e07\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u53ea\u6709 10 \u4e2a\uff0c<code>epoll_wait<\/code>\u00a0\u5c31\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9 10 \u4e2a\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u6781\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\ud83d\udcca \u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6bd4\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8868\u683c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u7279\u6027<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">select<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">poll<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">epoll<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/td><td>\u6570\u7ec4\/\u4f4d\u56fe<\/td><td>\u94fe\u8868<\/td><td>\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811 + \u5c31\u7eea\u94fe\u8868<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/strong><\/td><td>1024<\/td><td>\u65e0\u4e0a\u9650<\/td><td>\u65e0\u4e0a\u9650\uff08\u53d7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>FD \u589e\u52a0\/\u5220\u9664\u5f00\u9500<\/strong><\/td><td><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(<em>N<\/em>)<\/td><td><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(<em>N<\/em>)<\/td><td><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>log<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(log<em>N<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/td><td>\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(<em>N<\/em>)<\/td><td>\u7ebf\u6027\u904d\u5386&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(<em>N<\/em>)<\/td><td>\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236&nbsp;<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><em>O<\/em>(1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5c11\u4e14\u6d3b\u8dc3<\/td><td>\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70<\/td><td><strong>\u6d77\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nginx<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5355\u673a\u80fd\u6297\u4f4f\u51e0\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5e95\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 epoll\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a Worker \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Python asyncio \/ Node.js<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\uff08Event Loop\uff09\uff0c\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e epoll \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981 IO \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\uff1f \u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u662f..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,52,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nodejs","category-python","category-back"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":""},"author_info":{"info":["\u9648 \u67d0\u4eba"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/nodejs\/\" rel=\"category tag\">NodeJS<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/python\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Python<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u540e\u7aef<\/a>","tag_info":"\u540e\u7aef","comment_count":"1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/724","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=724"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/724\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":725,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/724\/revisions\/725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}