{"id":852,"date":"2026-10-21T11:23:08","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T03:23:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/?p=852"},"modified":"2026-10-21T11:23:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T03:23:08","slug":"pg%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%a2%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/2026\/10\/21\/pg%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%a2%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5\/","title":{"rendered":"pg\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u6392\u67e5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PostgreSQL \u67e5\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u62db\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6162\u8bed\u53e5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT pid,       now() - query_start AS duration,       state,       queryFROM pg_stat_activityWHERE state = 'active'  AND query NOT ILIKE '%pg_stat_activity%'ORDER BY duration DESC;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>duration<\/code> \u8d85\u8fc7\u4f60\u9884\u671f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u51e0\u79d2\uff09\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u8dd1\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u770b\u5230\u5361\u6b7b\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid);<\/code> \u6740\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u4e8b\u540e\u6392\u67e5\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fee\u6539 <code>postgresql.conf<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>log_min_duration_statement = 1000   # \u8d85\u8fc71000ms\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u8bb0\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u5168\u8bb0log_line_prefix = '%t &#91;%p]: user=%u,db=%d '  # \u65e5\u5fd7\u5e26\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\/\u7528\u6237\/\u5e93\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6539\u5b8c\u6267\u884c <code>SELECT pg_reload_conf();<\/code> \u751f\u6548\uff08\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u542f\uff09\u3002\u6162\u8bed\u53e5\u4f1a\u5199\u5230 PG \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e34\u65f6\u53ea\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u751f\u6548\uff08\u8c03\u8bd5\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a8\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SET log_min_duration_statement = 500;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001pg_stat_statements\uff08\u7edf\u8ba1\u5386\u53f2\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6700\u5b9e\u7528\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5f00\u542f<\/strong>\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># postgresql.confshared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8981<strong>\u91cd\u542f PG<\/strong> \u624d\u751f\u6548\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728\u4f60\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e93\u91cc\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6 TOP\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>-- \u6309\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u63ea\u51fa\u6700\u62d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bed\u53e5SELECT calls,       round(total_exec_time::numeric, 2)        AS total_ms,       round(mean_exec_time::numeric, 2)         AS avg_ms,       round(max_exec_time::numeric, 2)          AS max_ms,       rows,       left(query, 200)                          AS queryFROM pg_stat_statementsORDER BY total_exec_time DESCLIMIT 20;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>-- \u6309\u5e73\u5747\u8017\u65f6\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u627e\u5355\u6b21\u6162\u4f46\u6b21\u6570\u5c11\u7684\uff09SELECT calls, round(mean_exec_time::numeric,2) AS avg_ms, left(query,200)FROM pg_stat_statementsORDER BY mean_exec_time DESCLIMIT 20;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u770b\u5b8c\u60f3\u6e05\u7a7a\u91cd\u65b0\u7edf\u8ba1\uff1a<code>SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset();<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u627e\u5230\u6162\u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62ff\u5230\u5177\u4f53 SQL \u540e\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) &lt;\u6162\u67e5\u8be2SQL&gt;;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u70b9\u770b\uff1a<code>Seq Scan<\/code>\uff08\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u591a\u534a\u7f3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u3001<code>rows<\/code> \u9884\u4f30\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5dee\u5f88\u591a\uff08\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u8dd1 <code>ANALYZE \u8868\u540d<\/code>\uff09\u3001<code>Nested Loop<\/code> \u884c\u6570\u7206\u70b8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PostgreSQL \u67e5\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u62db\uff1a \u4e00\u3001\u5b9e..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,24],"tags":[63,65,64],"class_list":["post-852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-back","category-24","tag-pg","tag-65","tag-64"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":""},"author_info":{"info":["\u9648 \u67d0\u4eba"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u540e\u7aef<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/category\/back\/%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/a>","tag_info":"\u6570\u636e\u5e93","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=852"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":853,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions\/853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitongxue.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}